Classical Swine Fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars, caused by the Swine Fever Virus (SFV), also known as Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), belonging to the genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae. It is a notifiable disease with significant sanitary and economic impact on swine farming.
The Classical Swine Fever virus has a high capacity for dissemination and is transmitted primarily through direct contact between infected and susceptible animals, secretions, excretions, blood, and tissues. Indirect transmission occurs through fomites, vehicles, equipment, clothing, and by ingestion of contaminated pork products.
Clinically, CSF can manifest in peracute, acute, subacute, or chronic forms, depending on the virulence of the strain and the immune response of the animals. Clinical signs include high fever, apathy, anorexia, conjunctivitis, respiratory and digestive disorders, diarrhea, neurological signs, abortions, and high mortality. Cutaneous and internal hemorrhages are frequent findings in acute cases.
Classical Swine Fever significantly compromises herd productivity, causing direct losses from mortality and indirect losses related to sanitary and commercial restrictions. The rapid clinical progression in outbreaks reinforces the importance of early disease detection.
The prevention and control of CSF are based on the rigorous adoption of biosecurity measures, control of animal and product movement, active and passive health surveillance, as well as immediate notification of suspected cases to competent authorities. In endemic regions or those at risk, vaccination may be used as a strategic tool, according to current health regulations.
Laboratory diagnosis is essential for confirming Classical Swine Fever. Molecular methods, such as real-time PCR, are widely used due to their high sensitivity and specificity, along with serological tests for epidemiological studies and health monitoring.
Continuous epidemiological surveillance, combined with well-structured contingency plans, is fundamental for preventing the introduction and spread of Swine Fever Virus. These actions are essential for protecting swine farming, herd health, and maintaining national and international health status and trade.
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In this context, the Bioperfectus rapid test for Classical Swine Fever (CSFV) constitutes a strategic screening tool for immediate support to health surveillance. The application of the rapid test enables agile identification of suspected animals directly in the field, on farms, or at sanitary barriers, allowing for immediate implementation of containment measures such as isolation, property quarantine, animal movement restriction, and notification to competent authorities. Thus, the rapid test complements confirmatory laboratory methods, contributing to early detection of CSF, reduction of virus spread, and strengthening of disease control and eradication actions.
